Fall 2024
Introduction to Molecular and Cellular Biology (Lab)
Martin Samuels PhD, Director, Center for Teaching and Learning, Brandeis University - Michael J. Borrett PhD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University
The course allows students to gain familiarity with laboratory techniques and apparatus, and to apply their knowledge of concepts from BIOS E-1ax in an actual laboratory situation.
Prerequisites: This laboratory course is only open to students who are concurrently enrolled in BIOS E-1ax or who have previously completed a comparable introductory course in cell and molecular biology. Prospective students who do not plan to concurrently enroll in BIOS E-1ax should contact the course instructor to ensure that the necessary prerequisites are met.
Fall 2024
Introduction to Molecular and Cellular Biology (Lab)
Martin Samuels PhD, Director, Center for Teaching and Learning, Brandeis University - Michael J. Borrett PhD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University
The course allows students to gain familiarity with laboratory techniques and apparatus, and to apply their knowledge of concepts from BIOS E-1ax in an actual laboratory situation.
Prerequisites: This laboratory course is only open to students who are concurrently enrolled in BIOS E-1ax or who have previously completed a comparable introductory course in cell and molecular biology. Prospective students who do not plan to concurrently enroll in BIOS E-1ax should contact the course instructor to ensure that the necessary prerequisites are met.
Fall 2024
Introduction to Molecular and Cellular Biology (Lecture)
Martin Samuels PhD, Director, Center for Teaching and Learning, Brandeis University - Michael J. Borrett PhD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University
This course is the first half of a year-long introductory series focused on the principles of cellular biology (BIOS E-1ax) and organismic biology (BIOS E-1bx). Topics include molecular biology, energy, metabolism, and genetics. The series complies with the current medical school requirements for one year of introductory biology. This course does not include a lab; students who need a biology lab should enroll concurrently in BIOS E-1axl.
Fall 2024
Introduction to Molecular and Cellular Biology (Lecture)
Martin Samuels PhD, Director, Center for Teaching and Learning, Brandeis University - Michael J. Borrett PhD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University
This course is the first half of a year-long introductory series focused on the principles of cellular biology (BIOS E-1ax) and organismic biology (BIOS E-1bx). Topics include molecular biology, energy, metabolism, and genetics. The series complies with the current medical school requirements for one year of introductory biology. This course does not include a lab; students who need a biology lab should enroll concurrently in BIOS E-1axl.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Organismic and Evolutionary Biology (Lab)
Casey Roehrig PhD, Manager of Instructional Development, Office of the Vice Provost for Advances in Learning, Harvard University - Lorenzo Gesuita PhD, Research Fellow in Genetics and Genomics, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School
The course allows students to gain familiarity with laboratory techniques and apparatus, and to apply their knowledge of concepts from BIOS E-1bx in an actual laboratory situation.
Prerequisites: This laboratory course is only open to students who are concurrently enrolled in BIOS E-1bx or who have previously completed a comparable introductory course in organismic and evolutionary biology. Prospective students who do not plan to concurrently enroll in BIOS E-1bx should contact the course instructor to ensure that the necessary prerequisites are met.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Organismic and Evolutionary Biology (Lab)
Casey Roehrig PhD, Manager of Instructional Development, Office of the Vice Provost for Advances in Learning, Harvard University - Lorenzo Gesuita PhD, Research Fellow in Genetics and Genomics, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School
The course allows students to gain familiarity with laboratory techniques and apparatus, and to apply their knowledge of concepts from BIOS E-1bx in an actual laboratory situation.
Prerequisites: This laboratory course is only open to students who are concurrently enrolled in BIOS E-1bx or who have previously completed a comparable introductory course in organismic and evolutionary biology. Prospective students who do not plan to concurrently enroll in BIOS E-1bx should contact the course instructor to ensure that the necessary prerequisites are met.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Organismic and Evolutionary Biology (Lecture)
Casey Roehrig PhD, Manager of Instructional Development, Office of the Vice Provost for Advances in Learning, Harvard University - Lorenzo Gesuita PhD, Research Fellow in Genetics and Genomics, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School
This course is the second half of a year-long introductory series focused on the principles of cellular biology (BIOS E-1ax) and organismic biology (BIOS E-1bx). This course builds on the foundation established in BIOS E-1ax and introduces students to fundamental principles in anatomy and physiology, evolution, and ecology. The series fulfills current medical school requirements for one year of introductory biology. This course does not include a lab; students who need a biology lab should enroll concurrently in BIOS E-1bxl.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1ax or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Organismic and Evolutionary Biology (Lecture)
Casey Roehrig PhD, Manager of Instructional Development, Office of the Vice Provost for Advances in Learning, Harvard University - Lorenzo Gesuita PhD, Research Fellow in Genetics and Genomics, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School
This course is the second half of a year-long introductory series focused on the principles of cellular biology (BIOS E-1ax) and organismic biology (BIOS E-1bx). This course builds on the foundation established in BIOS E-1ax and introduces students to fundamental principles in anatomy and physiology, evolution, and ecology. The series fulfills current medical school requirements for one year of introductory biology. This course does not include a lab; students who need a biology lab should enroll concurrently in BIOS E-1bxl.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1ax or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Biochemistry
Robin Lynn Haynes PhD, Principal Associate in Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School - Roopali Roy PhD, Instructor in Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
This course provides an overview of the main aspects of biochemistry by relating molecular interactions to their effects on the organism as a whole, especially as related to human biology. The organization of macromolecules is addressed through a discussion of their hierarchical structure and a study of their assembly into complexes responsible for specific biological processes. Topics addressing protein function include enzyme kinetics, the characterization of major metabolic pathways, and their interconnection into tightly regulated networks.
Prerequisites: Introductory biology and chemistry.
Fall 2024
Introduction to Biochemistry
Robin Lynn Haynes PhD, Principal Associate in Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School - Roopali Roy PhD, Instructor in Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
This course provides an overview of the main aspects of biochemistry by relating molecular interactions to their effects on the organism as a whole, especially as related to human biology. The organization of macromolecules is addressed through a discussion of their hierarchical structure and a study of their assembly into complexes responsible for specific biological processes. Topics addressing protein function include enzyme kinetics, the characterization of major metabolic pathways, and their interconnection into tightly regulated networks.
Prerequisites: Introductory biology and chemistry.
Fall 2024
Medical Terminology
Jenny Smith MSc, Faculty Instructor, Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions
This course teaches the medical terminology and vocabulary used by individuals working in healthcare setting. The focus of this course is on medical and clinical terminology relating to human anatomy and physiology from an organ system perspective. An emphasis is placed on those terms relating to the clinical diagnosis and pathophysiology of disease states. Students also learn how to use prefixes, suffixes and word roots to determine the meaning of new terms. Common short hand used in the medical field such as acronyms and abbreviations are also covered.
Spring 2025
Principles and Techniques of Molecular Biology
Alain Viel PhD, Senior Lecturer on Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University
The course addresses both the fundamental principles and techniques of molecular biology. Students gain an in-depth knowledge of nucleic acid structure, molecular genetics, and the biochemistry of transcription and protein synthesis. Other topics include how mechanisms of gene regulation play a role in retroviral pathogenesis and embryonic development. Each lecture directly relates molecular biology to current laboratory techniques. Virtual laboratory sessions, using LabXchange, a free Harvard educational platform are included, These virtual laboratory sessions provide students with a broad exposure to several important techniques in molecular biology. Virtual experiments include current approaches to mutation analysis, protein interaction assays, and recombinant cDNA cloning by PCR.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a (offered previously), BIOS E-1ax, or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
Principles of Genetics
Frederick R. Bieber PhD, Associate Professor of Pathology, Harvard Medical School - Chu Kwen Ho PhD, Instructional Consultant, STEM Education and Teacher Development, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth
This is a general course in genetics providing a broad view of gene action from the molecular to the population levels, with emphasis on eukaryotes. Topics include bacterial and viral genetics, Mendelian genetics, mutation and DNA repair, forensic DNA technology, chromosome structure and function, genomics, and population and evolutionary genetics. The course also covers legal, ethical, and policy considerations for use of genetic technology.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-1b (offered previously) or BIOS E-1ax and BIOS E-1bx, or the equivalent; CHEM E-1a and CHEM E-1b (offered previously) or CHEM E-1ax and CHEM E-1bx, or the equivalent; and MATH E-8.
Fall 2024
Cell Biology
Jared Johnson PhD, Instructor in Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School
This course is an in-depth exploration of the basic units of life: cells. Students learn about the highly choreographed events that guide cellular processes. Special attention is given to human health and diseases, aging, stem cell biology, applications of artificial intelligence, and the experimental breakthroughs that changed how we view human life at its most basic level.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a (offered previously), BIOS E-1ax, or the equivalent.
Fall 2024
Evolution
Maria Miara PhD, Associate Professor of Biology, Brandeis University
Evolution is such a major tenet of modern biological theory that in 1973, evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky penned that "nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." This course provides a comprehensive introduction to evolutionary biology. Students are introduced to both short-term and long-term evolutionary processes and they explore the patterns that result from those processes. Topics covered include the history of evolutionary theory, evidence for evolution, the origin of life, the origin of animals and the Cambrian explosion, genetic evolution, natural selection, sexual selection, species and speciation, human evolution, and evolutionary issues in modern society.
Prerequisites: An introductory organismal biology course such as BIOS E-1b (offered previously) or BIOS E-1bx.
Fall 2024
Introductory Chemical Biology
David Miyamoto PhD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School
This chemical biology survey course explores the intersection between chemistry and biology and focuses on the use of chemical tools to manipulate and study biological systems. The course is comprised of three units focused on proteins, nucleic acids, and drug discovery. Topics include physical properties of amino acids and proteins, protein synthesis, post-translational modifications, physical properties of nucleic acids, engineering functional RNAs, genomics, epigenetics, directed evolution, genome engineering, small molecule libraries and screening, and macromolecular drugs.
Prerequisites: Basic organic chemistry and biology knowledge, such as the CHEM E-17x and BIOS E-1ax series, is required. Familiarity with basic biochemistry and molecular biology, for example BIOS E-10 or BIOS E-12, is helpful but not required.
Fall 2024
Epigenetics, Epitranscriptomics, and Gene Regulation
Amy Tsurumi PhD, Assistant Professor of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
This course is designed as an in-depth exploration of the field of epigenetics and epitranscriptomics, with a focus on gaining understanding of gene regulatory mechanisms that occur without changes in the underlying DNA sequence. We extensively cover molecular mechanisms including DNA and RNA modifications, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs, and RNA editing. We use current primary literature to discuss the role of epigenetics and epitranscriptomics in developmental and aging processes, responses to nutrition, environmental exposures and infections, and malignancies such as cancer, neurological disorders, and inflammatory diseases. We also focus on molecular techniques and model organisms commonly used in epigenetics research, with the aim of enhancing scientific literature comprehension and learning how to design experiments to test new hypotheses.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-12 or the equivalent.
Fall 2024
Introduction to Proteomics
Alain Viel PhD, Senior Lecturer on Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University
The completion of several genome projects, including the Human Genome Project, has further fostered a systems-based approach to biology. The goal is to determine how all the genes in a genome act and how their products interact to produce a functional organism. Proteomics seeks to identify and to characterize all the proteins synthesized in a cell or a tissue. Based on this information, one can then try to understand how individual proteins or protein collectives function within an organism. The first half of the course focuses on current methodology used to analyze and identify proteins. This includes protein electrophoresis, chromatography, mass spectrometry, and protein database analysis. The second half of the course focuses on case studies derived from the current scientific literature. This includes comparisons between healthy and diseased tissues, new approaches to analyze metabolic pathways, and the comprehensive analysis of protein-protein interactions in different cell types.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a (offered previously), BIOS E-1ax, or the equivalent. BIOS E-12 recommended.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Genomics
Arezou A. Ghazani PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
This course provides an overview of human and comparative genomic studies, genomic architecture, numerical and structural variations, and regulatory mechanisms of the genome. The course topics include current and novel practices in genome interrogations, global copy number variation (CNV) assessment, sequencing, and data analysis. This course cultivates an understanding of functional genomics and genomic malfunction, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and the new field of personal genomics, along with discussions on social and ethical impacts resulting from advances in genomics studies.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-1b (offered previously) or BIOS E-1ax and BIOS E-1bx, or the equivalent. CHEM E-1a and CHEM E-1b (offered previously) or CHEM E-1ax and CHEM E-1bx, or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
Neurobiology
Edith Julieta Sarmiento Ponce PhD, Associate of the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University
This course explores the brain at the level of molecules, cells, circuits, and behavior. Topics include brain anatomy and function; sensory and motor systems; how the brain processes thoughts; how the brain regulates emotions; learning, memory, and attention; neurodiversity; and neurological disorders.
Prerequisites: A college-level introductory biology course (such as BIOS E-1ax) or a strong background in biology is recommended.
Fall 2024
Neurobiology
Laura Magnotti PhD, Lecturer on Neuroscience, Harvard University
This course examines the structure and function of the mammalian nervous system by examining the molecules, cells, and circuits that are involved in directing our behavior. We explore how the nervous system is constructed during development, how it adapts with experience throughout life, how it functions in normal behavior, and how it can be disrupted by injury and disease.
Prerequisites: Introductory biology (BIOS E-1a/BIOS E-1ax, or equivalent) or permission of the instructor. For graduate-credit students, successful completion of BIOS E-200 or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
Brain Invaders: Pathogens of the Central Nervous System
Laura Magnotti PhD, Lecturer on Neuroscience, Harvard University
The brain has evolved a unique but very effective system to protect itself from invaders. In this course, we explore the specific defenses that the nervous system uses to protect itself. We also examine how some pathogens evade or breach those defenses and the impact of those invasions. Finally, we explore how scientists have been able to translate their understanding of these pathogenic mechanisms into technologies for research and therapeutic applications.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a (offered previously), BIOS E-1ax, or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
Immunology
David E. Sloane EdM, MD, Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School
What is the immune system and how does it work to protect organisms from danger like infections and cancer? In this comprehensive course, we answer these questions by exploring the structure and function of the immune system, focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms. Students develop a solid understanding of innate versus adaptive immunity; antigens and antibodies; B cells, T cells, and their receptors; major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins; cytokines and chemokines; processes of lymphocyte development and antigen presentation; and the genetics of the immune system. Case studies describe clinical aspects of human immune system function in health and disease including infections (bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic), cancers, autoimmune diseases, allergic and other hypersensitivity diseases, immunodeficiencies, transplantations, vaccinations, and medications and other therapeutic agents (including biologics and CAR-T cells) that affect and harness the immune system. Along the way, we touch on broader themes such as the relationship between the immune system and the nervous system, the dynamics of complex systems that operate at different planes of resolution (from the molecular and cellular to whole populations of organisms and the interactions of different species in ecosystems including the human microbiome), and some philosophical and interpretive views of immunity such as how it contributes to identity and how it functions in ways analogous to language. Upon completion of the course, students have a sound understanding of the essential elements of the immune system, preparing them to engage further in this rapidly evolving field.
Prerequisites: Background in biology, biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology is helpful.
Fall 2024
Clinical Anatomy and Physiology I
Britt Stockton Lee MD, PhD, MEDscience Teacher, Harvard Medical School
This course is an immersive introduction to human anatomy and physiology from a clinical perspective. Students gain a functional understanding of the systems of the body and the structure and function of the tissues that comprise them. Using real-life clinical scenarios, students use their newfound basic science knowledge to assess and diagnose pathologies of the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, and musculoskeletal systems in the fall semester course.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-1b (offered previously) or BIOS E-1ax and BIOS E-1bx.
Spring 2025
Clinical Anatomy and Physiology II
Britt Stockton Lee MD, PhD, MEDscience Teacher, Harvard Medical School
This course is a continuation of BIOS E-65c. Students gain a functional understanding of the systems of the body and the structure and function of the tissues that comprise them. Using real-life clinical scenarios, students use their newfound basic science knowledge to assess and diagnose pathologies of the immune, digestive, renal, endocrine, and reproductive systems. Knowledge of the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, and musculoskeletal systems is assumed.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-1b (offered previously) or BIOS E-1ax and BIOS E-1bx, BIOS E-65c, algebra, and introductory geometry.
Fall 2024
Introduction to Pharmacology
Liza Wick PhD, HMX Pharmacology Curriculum Lead, Harvard Medical School
It is often thought that studying pharmacology involves memorizing drug names and chemical pathways, but in reality this subject is built upon a few simple concepts. This course aims to cover these fundamental concepts of pharmacology including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicology. Learning materials are delivered online through HMX, a digital learning initiative from the faculty of Harvard Medical School. The HMX pharmacology course has been created by a highly skilled interdisciplinary team of Harvard Medical School educators and creative professionals. Using integrated multimedia elements and didactic visuals the HMX course focuses on bringing foundational concepts in pharmacology to life via real-world and clinical applications. Students also participate in a live component where they have the opportunity to dive deeper into these pharmacological concepts and work on problem-solving activities in weekly sessions with their instructor. In addition to receiving course credit, students have the opportunity to earn a certificate from Harvard Medical School. A certificate of achievement or a certificate of completion can be earned by those who attain certain thresholds within the course. Students registered in this course have access to the HMX pharmacology course. They should not enroll separately in the HMX course.
Prerequisites: Introductory biology and biochemistry are strongly recommended.
Fall 2024
Introduction to Systems Biology
Joe Nasser PhD, Postdoctoral Associate, Martin A. Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University
The field of systems biology has emerged as a result of two revolutions. The first is decades of progress in molecular biology and biochemistry which have identified many of the molecules and chemical reactions needed for life. The second is the 'omics revolution which has enabled these measurements to be conducted at high throughput. Systems biology seeks to convert such observations into a holistic understanding of biological systems. The motivating question for this course is, how does life emerge from a collection of dead molecules? We explore how simple conceptual ideas can explain the seemingly complicated nature of biological systems. We explore how similar design principles appear across various biological systems and scales. For example, the negative feedback motif is present at the cellular scale (in gene regulatory networks), at the organismal scale (in glucose homeostasis), and at the ecological scale (through predator-prey dynamics). We also consider the general nature of input-output responses, the role of energy expenditure, robustness and ultra-sensitivity, bet hedging, and whether biological systems operate optimally. Simple mathematical models are used to explore these topics. We discuss what a model can and cannot do and common pitfalls in modeling. This course is not too mathematically technical; one of its themes is that relatively simple math can go a long way.
Prerequisites: Basic knowledge of differential equations at the level of MATH E-16. MATH E-21c is recommended, but not required. Basic knowledge of probability is helpful but will be reviewed as needed.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Epidemiology
Jennifer Fonda PhD, Lecturer in Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Assistant Professor in Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, and Research Health Scientist, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System
How can you design a study to evaluate the risk factors associated with the recent reversal in life expectancy in the United States? How do you assess the benefits and risks related to the recent cancer screening guidelines? This course introduces the basic principles and methods of epidemiology and demonstrates the applicability to public health and medicine. The goal of this course is to provide fundamental skills needed to begin to interpret and critically evaluate literature relevant to public health. Topics include measures of disease frequency and association, epidemiologic study designs, sources of bias and error, screening, and applications to public health.
Prerequisites: Basic quantitative skills essential; familiarity with medical terminology helpful.
Spring 2025
Infectious Diseases in a World of Changing Climate, Drug Resistance, and Vaccine Hesitancy
Narges Dorratoltaj PhD, Director, Life and Health Modeling, Verisk
Despite the availability of control measures, infectious diseases are emerging and re-emerging. These outbreaks emphasize the importance of understanding the epidemiology of infectious diseases through qualitative and quantitative methods. This course introduces the basics of infectious disease epidemiology and modeling, disease surveillance methods, dynamics of transmission, and assessment of prevention and control measures. The epidemiology of different diseases based on route of transmission (food-borne, water-borne, vector-borne, or air-borne) along with common and recently emerged infectious diseases (COVID-19, influenza, malaria, Ebola, Zika, and antimicrobial resistance pathogens) are discussed. Finally, we explore some modeling techniques to understand the epidemiology and dynamics of infectious disease outbreaks to help public health officials make more informed decisions. We consider the political, demographic, and social changes that have an impact on public health.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a (offered previously) or BIOS E-1ax, MATH E-8, and MATH E-15, or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
Introduction to Medical Neuroscience
Daniel L. Roe PhD, Lecturer on Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Part-time, Harvard School of Dental Medicine
This course presents students with an introduction to the major topics in neurological injury and disease. The student is introduced to the signs, symptoms, and underlying causes of a variety of conditions. Specific topics discussed include aneurysms, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, prosopagnosia, aphasia, contralateral neglect, neuropathy, meningioma, acoustic schwannoma, epidural and subdural hematoma, and pituitary tumor among others. Emphasis is on the neuroanatomical basis of injury and disease, and how this informs our understanding.
Prerequisites: Some background in basic biology is helpful.
Spring 2025
Deep Sea Biology
Peter Girguis PhD, Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University
The oceans contain 97 percent of the Earth's water, and host the most disparate ecosystems on the planet. This course provides an introduction to deep sea ocean habitats, animals, and microorganisms. Emphasis is placed on the physiological adaptations of organisms to their environment, as well as the role of microorganisms in mediating ocean biogeochemical cycles.
Fall 2024
Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology
Saige Lorraine Pompura PhD, Academic Coordinator, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside
We are entering a new era in which a fundamental understanding of developmental biology and regeneration will play a critical role. In this course, embryonic and adult stem cells in different organisms are examined in terms of their molecular, cellular, and potential therapeutic properties. Genetic reprogramming and cloning of animals are critically evaluated. Ethical and political considerations are also considered.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-1b (offered previously) or BIOS E-1ax and BIOS E-1bx, or the equivalent; knowledge of cell, molecular, or developmental biology is recommended.
Fall 2024
Virology: Life Cycle and Host Interactions
Catherine Jacob-Dolan PhD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in the Departments of Basic Science and Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutch Cancer Research Center
This course explores molecular mechanisms employed by viruses to invade and highjack the host's cellular machinery. It provides a foray into virology, advanced cell biology, biochemistry, and structural biology topics to study the molecular interactions between viral and host factors. Through the lens of an a well-studied example virus (HIV-1 or SARS-CoV-2), students learn the concepts of viral infection, replication, and immune evasion. This course also teaches students to critically read primary literature covering each step of the viral life cycle and many different viruses. In careful reading of research articles and in-class discussions, students learn critical experimental design strategies and current methodologies. Students are given multiple opportunities to hone their analysis of primary literature through short writing assignments throughout the semester and a final presentation of a paper of their choice at the end of the semester.
Fall 2024
The Biology of Cancer
Ryan Si-Wai Lee PhD, Director of Science Instruction and the Premedical Program, Harvard Extension School
This course provides students with a basic understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that lead to cancer. Lectures primarily focus on the role of growth factors, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, angiogenesis, and signal transduction mechanisms in tumor formation. The fundamental principles behind cancer diagnosis, prevention, and therapeutic management are also discussed.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-16, or the equivalent; BIOS E-12 recommended.
Spring 2025
Medical Microbiology
Nikolaus Jilg MD, PhD, Instructor in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School - Sarah Osmulski MD, Resident Physician, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital - Matthew Schaefers PhD, Assistant Professor of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School and and Research Associate, Boston Children's Hospital
This course introduces students to the microbial species that cause human disease. We cover bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, and discuss current topics including antibiotic resistance, public health threats, and the microbiome. There is no laboratory component to this course.
Prerequisites: Basic molecular and cellular biology, such as BIOS E-1a (offered previously), BIOS E-1ax, or equivalent.
Fall 2024
Human Pathophysiology II
Nancy Long Sieber PhD, Adjunct Lecturer on Physiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
This course focuses on the pathophysiology of the human nervous, endocrine, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems. Common mechanisms of pathogenesis are examined, including injury, autoimmunity, and neoplasia. These systems are linked by our focused examination of several conditions as they affect the body as a whole. We focus on pain, stress, and spinal cord injuries, as well as the consequences of obesity. Please note that Human Pathophysiology I, offered in alternate years, is not a prerequisite for this course.
Prerequisites: A normal human or animal physiology course is recommended, but not required.
Spring 2025
Proseminar: Introduction to Graduate Studies in Biology
Emilie J. Raymer PhD, Preceptor in Expository Writing, Harvard University
This proseminar is designed to teach students many of the writing and analytical skills that are required to succeed in graduate-level courses in the biological sciences. Through critical reading and presentation of research articles, students learn how to form questions that can be addressed experimentally and how to write a corresponding, testable hypothesis. The course also addresses the process of experimental design and current experimental methodologies in biology. Students are given multiple opportunities to hone their writing skills on several short writing assignments. Students are expected to participate in class discussions, present a paper to the class, and write a final research proposal due at the end of the semester. We focus our attention on innovations in genetics and genomics. Some background in these areas is beneficial but not required. Students learn to think scientifically while they gain knowledge of how recent advancements can be applied to agriculture, vaccine developments, personalized medicine, and other areas. Because skills learned in this course are useful in subsequent courses, it is the first course that prospective Master of Liberal Arts (ALM) candidates should take toward the degree (or the second, if they are completing the expository writing prerequisite). While not designed to be a thesis or capstone proposal course, this course does serve as a foundation for eventual work on the thesis or capstone.
Prerequisites: A satisfactory score on the mandatory test of critical reading and writing skills or a B or higher grade in the alternate expository writing course. In addition, at the first class meeting students must complete a writing assignment that demonstrates their graduate-level reading comprehension and ability to write coherent, logical arguments. Molecular biology (BIOS E-12 or the equivalent) and EXPO E-42c are highly recommended.
Fall 2024
Proseminar: Introduction to Graduate Studies in Biology
Emilie J. Raymer PhD, Preceptor in Expository Writing, Harvard University
This proseminar is designed to teach students many of the writing and analytical skills that are required to succeed in graduate-level courses in the biological sciences. Through critical reading and presentation of research articles, students learn how to form questions that can be addressed experimentally and how to write a corresponding, testable hypothesis. The course also addresses the process of experimental design and current experimental methodologies in biology. Students are given multiple opportunities to hone their writing skills on several short writing assignments. Students are expected to participate in class discussions, present a paper to the class, and write a final research proposal due at the end of the semester. We focus our attention on innovations in genetics and genomics. Some background in these areas is beneficial but not required. Students learn to think scientifically while they gain knowledge of how recent advancements can be applied to agriculture, vaccine developments, personalized medicine, and other areas. Because skills learned in this course are useful in subsequent courses, it is the first course that prospective Master of Liberal Arts (ALM) candidates should take toward the degree (or the second, if they are completing the expository writing prerequisite). While not designed to be a thesis or capstone proposal course, this course does serve as a foundation for eventual work on the thesis or capstone.
Prerequisites: A satisfactory score on the mandatory test of critical reading and writing skills or a B or higher grade in the alternate expository writing course. In addition, at the first class meeting students must complete a writing assignment that demonstrates their graduate-level reading comprehension and ability to write coherent, logical arguments. Molecular biology (BIOS E-12 or the equivalent) and EXPO E-42c are highly recommended.
Spring 2025
Strategic Speech Communication for Scientists
Terry Gipson MFA, Preceptor in Public Speaking, Harvard University
This course is a practical exploration of speech communication strategies and tactics for those in the sciences, with a focus on improving oral communication and presentation skills in a variety of scientific settings. Students participate in exercises that include formal and informal scientific conversations as well as informative and persuasive presentations to scientific and nonscientific audiences.
Fall 2024
Classic Papers in Experimental Biology
William J. Anderson PhD, Senior Lecturer on Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University
What makes a science paper a classic? Does it start or redefine a field? Does it reveal a fundamental understanding of life? Is it the basis for a class of compounds that revolutionize medicine? This course explores some of these transformative papers taken from different fields in biology.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-1b (offered previously), BIOS E-1ax and BIOS E-1bx, or equivalent. BIOS E-200 recommended but not required.
Spring 2025
Developmental and Regenerative Biology
William J. Anderson PhD, Senior Lecturer on Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University
The field of developmental biology provides insights on a most interesting question: how do all of the cells in our bodies arise from a single cell, the fertilized egg? This graduate seminar probes this question through critical analysis of the primary literature. Both classical as well as contemporary papers are scrutinized. We cover topics ranging from fertilization, organogenesis, patterning, regeneration, and aging, with a focus on humans whenever possible.
Prerequisites: One year of introductory biology (BIOS E-1a and BIOS E-1b [offered previously], BIOS E-1ax and BIOS E-1bx, or equivalent); developmental biology (BIOS E-55) and/or stem cell biology (BIOS E-129) strongly recommended. Graduate proseminar (BIOS E-200) recommended but not required.
Spring 2025
Forensic Pathology
Jennifer Coulombe PhD, Associate Director of Research, The Female Athlete Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Director of Operations, The Wu Tsai Female Athlete Program - Dana Stearns MD, Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine and of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
This course explores injury analysis and the determination of trauma etiology and mechanics. Starting with an examination of injury and emergency department tables from the Centers for Disease Control, students move on to case analyses and self and team-run investigations. Topics include, but are not limited to, intentional versus unintentional trauma, ballistic trauma, child abuse, intimate partner violence, motor vehicle accidents, penetrating trauma, and various other methods of intentional trauma.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-65c or BIOS E-65d, or equivalent.
Fall 2024
The Science of Poisons
Steven Raymond Boomhower PhD, Principal Toxicologist, Gradient
The science of poisons, or toxicology, is an exciting interdisciplinary field of study exploring the intersection of human health and the environment. This course is a survey of the adverse effects of exposure to chemicals, focused on understanding the old adage that the dose makes the poison. We explore topics such as microplastics, forever chemicals, endocrine disruptors, and air pollution. This course is designed for students with interests in sustainability, biology, environmental science, and/or medical science and includes discussions and applications of course material to these disciplines.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1ax or an equivalent introductory biology course is recommended.
Spring 2025
CRISPR: Gene Editing Applications for Healthcare and Biotechnology
Alain Viel PhD, Senior Lecturer on Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University
CRISPR is a recent gene-editing technology providing an efficient, effective, and precise solution to genetic engineering with applications in the healthcare, biotechnology, and agriculture industries. CRISPR has a promising potential to transform diseases treatments, contribute to food security, or even aid biofuel production. Using real-world case studies, the course illustrates CRISPR's potential to cure inherited genetic disorders, to treat infectious diseases such as HIV, and to advance the fight against cancer. When applicable, the impact and possibilities of the outcomes of CRISPR's applications on the healthcare industry are discussed. The course also discusses the applications of CRISPR in the biotechnology industry and their roles in the development of disease-resistant cultivars, improving food yields, and allowing biofuels to become a viable alternative energy source.
Prerequisites: BIOS E-1a (offered previously), BIOS E-1ax, or the equivalent.
Spring 2025
The Human Brain in the Animal Kingdom
Erin Hecht PhD, Assistant Professor of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University
Our brains make us what we are. How did they get that way? How are they different from other animals' and how are they similar? This course explores the structure and function of the modern human brain and examines the selective pressures that have impacted the evolution of human neuroanatomy and cognition. Frequent comparisons are made with other primate and non-primate species in order to situate an understanding of Homo sapiens within the context of the broader animal kingdom. Additionally, the course delves into the types of methodological approaches used to study these topics and consider the frontiers of new knowledge in this area. The course integrates research and theory from biological anthropology, archaeology, psychology, ethology, and neuroscience. Topics covered include the evolution of large brains in humans and other species; the emergence of specializations for communication, tool use, and culture; social cognition and theory of mind; individual variation and experience-dependent plasticity in the brain; and domestication and self-domestication.
Prerequisites: Some background in basic biology, psychology, and/or neuroscience is helpful, but not strictly required.
Fall 2024
Dogs: Behavior, Evolution, and Domestication
Erin Hecht PhD, Assistant Professor of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University
In this course, students learn about dog behavior as a focus point for helping us to understand the evolution of behavior more generally. We examine behavior evolution across a variety of species including other canids like wolves and foxes; humans and other primates; and more distantly related species like pigs, sheep, crows, and fish. Topics include domestication, empathy, communication, cooperation, lateralization, and an introductory tour of the canine brain. The structure of the course combines in-depth discussion of research and theory articles with actual data analysis of video recordings of dog behavior. Students learn how quantitatively measure dog behavior using video data collected within the Hecht lab in the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University, generate hypotheses about dog behavior based on the theories and ideas covered in the discussion portion of the course, and test their own hypotheses using their analyzed data for their final projects. They also have the opportunity to collect their own data by performing at-home behavior tests with a dog or dogs of their choice, following experimental paradigms designed for this course. The course also includes guest lectures from canine professionals both in academic research and in the public sector.